Our Research
At our core, we stand against pseudoscience. Every ingredient in Proper No.1 is backed by peer-reviewed research published in high-impact scientific journals. Our dedication to rigorous research sets us apart from companies that rely on hype and unsubstantiated claims.
Clinical Studies
Studies in humans assessing safety, efficacy, and optimal dosages
Creatine Supplementation and Brain Health
Creatine supplementation improved cognitive processing, especially in women under stress.
CreatineEffects of Creatine on Muscle Strength in Women
Women supplementing with creatine showed 20-25% greater gains in strength compared to placebo.
CreatineCreatine and Female Aging
Creatine may help offset menopause-related muscle and bone loss in aging women.
CreatineCreatine for Depression in Women
Women with depression showed faster and greater response when creatine was added to SSRI treatment.
CreatineUrolithin A is Safe and Induces Mitochondrial Health in Humans
First-in-human clinical trial showing Urolithin A has a favorable safety profile and induces improved mitochondrial and cellular health.
Urolithin AUrolithin A Improves Muscle Strength and Exercise Performance
Double-blind study shows Urolithin A significantly improves muscle strength (∼12%) with higher mitochondrial efficiency.
Urolithin AEffect of Urolithin A on Muscle Endurance in Older Adults
Long-term supplementation was beneficial for muscle endurance and may counteract age-associated muscle decline.
Urolithin AImpact of Urolithin A on Immune Aging and Inflammaging
Urolithin A enhances mitochondrial activity in immune cells (T-cells), addressing immune aging and improving long-term immune function.
Urolithin APre-clinical Studies
Lab experiments evaluating mechanisms and foundational research
The Lifespan and Muscle Benefits of Urolithin A in Animal Models
Urolithin A prolonged lifespan in C. elegans and improved exercise capacity in rodent models of age-related muscle decline.
Urolithin AReversing Aging in Blood Stem Cells and the Immune System
Urolithin A rejuvenated aged hematopoietic stem cells by restoring mitochondrial function.
Urolithin AExpansion of T Memory Stem Cells by Urolithin A-Induced Mitophagy
Urolithin A significantly improved the cancer-fighting properties of T-cells via mitophagy.
Urolithin AUrolithin A Improves Mitochondrial Health and Alleviates Pain in Osteoarthritis
Urolithin A decreased cartilage degeneration, synovial inflammation, and pain in mouse models of OA.
Urolithin AAll studies cited are peer-reviewed publications from reputable scientific journals. Links direct to PubMed or original publication sources. This information is for educational purposes and does not constitute medical advice.